Stem Bleeding(Thielaviopsis paradoxa; Ceratocystis paradoxa)

Symptoms

• Small discoloured depressions or spots on the stem.
• Spots coalesce to form larger patches followed by cracking.
• Fibrous layers of the stem disintegrate which eventually hollows up to varying depths along the infected portions.
• Dark brown gummy exudates ooze out from cracks.
• Stem tapers near the crown.
• Crown size and yield is reduced.

Management

• Scrap off the affected portion of tissue and burn it.
• Smear the wound with hot coal tar or rubber kote mixed with Hexaconazole 5 EC (5 ml / kg of material) or Bordeaux paste.
• Drench soil with Hexaconazole 5 EC (1 ml / litre of water) or feed the roots with Hexaconazole 5 EC (2 ml / l00 ml of water) through 2-3 roots.