24 December 2024
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മലയാളം
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Agriculture > Fruit
Crops > Pineapple (Ananas comosus)
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Crop
Management
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Varieties
In international trade, the numerous pineapple cultivars are grouped in four main
classes: 'Smooth Cayenne', 'Red Spanish', 'Queen', and 'Abacaxi', despite much variation
in the types within each class.
Smooth Cayenne or Cayenne ('Maipuri', 'Kew', 'Sarawak', 'Esmeralda', 'Claire',
'Typhoon', 'Saint Michel'):
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Smooth Cayenne is extensively cultivated in Hawaii, Philippines, Australia, South
Africa, Puerto Rico, Kenya, Mexico, Cuba and Formosa. The ovoid medium-sized
fruit (1.5 to 2.5 kg) of 'Smooth Cayenne' is held on a short and strong peduncle.
It ripens progressively, turning yellow from the base to the top, which is reflected
in a strong internal maturity gradient too. The flesh is firm, close-textured,
juicy and with a pale-yellow to yellow colour at maturity. And average acid
range lies between 0.5 and 1.0% and total soluble solids (TSS) between 12° and
16° Brix. The plant is a poor producer of shoots and slips. The
production cycle is longer than for most other cultivars. 'Smooth Cayenne'
is sensitive to many known pests (fruit borers, mites, symphillids, nematodes) and
diseases (mealybug wilt, fusariosis, fruitlet core rot, butt rot), and to internal
browning. However, it is considered tolerant to Phytophthora sp.
and resistant to fruit collapse, caused by Erwinia chrysanthemi Burkbolder.
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