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പരിപാലനം

kkykwc£Ww

IoS§Ä

sIm¼³ sNñn

rhinobeetle
symptoms

e£W§Ä: Ipcpt¯mebpw, ]q¦qebpw Xpcóp \in¸n¡póp. Hme hncnbpt¼mÄ {XntImWmIrXnbnð Hme sh«nbncn¡póXpImWmw.

\nb{´Ww

  1. tXm«w hr¯nbmbn kq£n¡póXneqsS hïnsâ hwihÀ²\ XSbmw.
  2. sNñnt¡mð D]tbmKn¨v sX§nsâ aïbnð \nóv sNñnsb Ip¯nsbSp¡mw.
  3. ap³IcpXð Fó \nebv¡v Iq¼n\p NpäpapÅ aqóp Hme¡hnfpIsf¦nepw Xmsg¸dbpó GsX¦nepw an{inXw sImïv \ndbv¡Ww.
    1. F) skhntUmÄ 8G 25 {Kmw, 200 {Kmw aWepambn tNÀ¯v G{]nðþsabv, sk]väw_ÀþHIvtSm_À, Unkw_ÀþP\phcn amk§fnð IhnfpIfnð CSpI.
      _n) GItZiw 4 ]mämKpfnIÄ (12 {Kmw) aWtemSpIqSn 45 Znhk¯nsemcn¡ð Hme¡hnfpIfnð \nt£]n¡Ww.
  4. hf¡pgnIfnepw sNñn ap«bn«p s]cpIm³ km²yXbpÅ Øe§fnepw 0.05% ImÀ_mdnð {]tbmKn¡pI. aqópamk¯nsemcn¡ð CXmhÀ¯n¡Ww.
  5. _m¡ptemsshdkv HdnIvSk v _m[n¨ sNñnIsf 10þ15 F®w Hcp slIvSdns\ó tXmXnð tXm«¯nð hn«v IoS§fpsS B{IaWw \nb{´n¡mw. Cu sshdkv sIm¼³sNñnsb ]cmZoIcn¡póp.
  6. samämssdknbw A\ntkm¹ntb Fó IpanÄ 5 x 1011 kvt]mdpIÄ Hcp anñnenädnð Fó IW¡n\v) sNñn ap«bn«p s]cpIpó Øe§fnð kw{Ian¸n¨pw Ahsb \nb{´n¡mw.

sN¼³ sNñn

redpalm weevil
symptoms

e£W§Ä: sX§n³ XSnbnð Zzmc§Ä Dïm¡pIbpw AXneqsS Xhn«p \nd¯nepÅ {ZmhIhpw, sNñn Nh¨ \mcpIfpw ]pdt¯bv¡v hcnIbpw sN¿pw. HmebpsS IS`mKw s\SpsI ]nfcpI, \Sp\m¼v hmSnt¸mhpI FónhbmWv tcmKe£W§Ä. Nnet¸mÄ ]p gp¡Ä ImÀóp XnópóXnsâ i_vZhpw tIÄ¡mw.

\nb{´Ww

  1. Gähpw {][m\ambn thïXv tXm«w hr¯nbmbn kq£n¡pIbmWv.
  2. sX§nð GsX¦nepw hn[¯nð apdnhpïmIpóXv XSbpI.
  3. sIm¼³ sNñn¡v \nÀt±in¨Xpt]mse (skhntUmÄþaWð an{inXw) Hme¡hnfpIfnð \ndbv¡póXv sN¼³sNñns¡Xntcbpw ^e{]ZamWv.
  4. ]¨ Hme sh«pt¼mÄ 120 sk.ao. aSð \nÀ¯n sh«Ww. apdn¸mSneqsS ]pgp¡Ä AI¯v {]thin¡mXncn¡m\mWnXv.
  5. B{IaWapÅ ac§fnse Zzmc§Ä Iïp]nSn¨v Gähpw apIfnes¯ Zzmcw HgnsI _m¡nsbñmw ASbv¡pI. AXn\ptijw apIfnse Zzmc¯nðIqSn tNmÀ¸v D]tbmKn¨v 1% hocyapÅ ImÀ_mdnð, 0.2% hocyapÅ ss{St¢mÀt^m³ Chbnð GsX¦nepw Hóv sXs§món\v Hcp enäÀ Fó tXmXnð Hgn¨psImSp¡pI.
  6. aïbnemWv ]pgphnsâ B{IaWsa¦nð aï hr¯nbm¡n IoS\min\n emb\n IptdsÈbmbn Hgn¨psImSp¡pI.
  7. sNdnb tXmXnte B{IaWapÅpsh¦nð IoS§sf \in¸n¡póXn\v 1% Un.Un.hn.]n. {]tbmKn¡mw.
  8. sX§n³ tXm¸nð IÅv, ss]\m¸nÄ, Icn¼v Fónh CuÌv tNÀ¯v ]pfn¸n¨Xv sh¨v sN¼³sNñnsb BIÀjn¡mw. C§s\bpÅ Iq«nð GsX¦nepw IoS\min\n tNÀ¯v tXm«¯nsâ ]e`mK§fnð sh¨mð CXntebv¡v BIÀjn¡s¸«v F¯pó IoS§Ä N¯phogpw.
  9. cïp slIvSdn\v Hóv Fó tXmXnð ^ndtam¬ sIWn sh¨v BIÀjn¨pw sNñnsb sImñmw.

sXt§me¸pgp

e£Ww: HmebpsS ASnhi¯v IqSpïm¡n AXnse Im¼v apgph³ Xnópóp. P\phcn apXð sabv hscbpÅ th\ð¡me¯mWv ChbpsS B{IaWw IqSpXð ImWs¸SpI.

\nb{´Ww

  1. BZy]Snbmbn th\ð¡memcw`¯nð tISphó HmeIÄ sh«n Xobn«p \in¸n¡Ww.
  2. ]pgphns\bpw ap«Isfbpw ]cmZoIcn¡pó FXnÀ {]mWnIsf tXm«¯nð hnSpI.
  3. IoSm{IaWw hfsc IqSpXemIpt¼mgpw, ssPhoIamÀ¤§fneqsS \nb{´n¡m\mhnñ Fóv hcpt¼mgpw ssUt¢mtdmthmkv 0.02%, ame¯tbm¬ 0.05%, Izn\mðt^mkv 0.05%, t^mktem¬ 0.07% FónhbntesX¦nepw Hcp IoS\min\n HmebpsS ASnhi¯v hogpó hn[¯nð Xfn¨psImSp¡pI.
    Ipdn¸v: acpóp Xfn¨v Ccp]Xp Znhkw Ignªmð ]pgp¡sfbpw, kam[nZisbbpw ]cmZoIcn¡pó an{X{]mWnIsf tXm«¯nð hnSmw.

thcpXo\n¸pgp

e£Ww : B{IaWapÅ sX§pIfpsS Hme aª\ndamIpIbpw hnfhv hñmsX IpdbpIbpw sN¿pw.

\nb{´Ww

  1. hïpIsf ag¡me¯v tiJcn¨v \in¸n¡pI
  2. ]pXpagtbmsS a®pInf¨v adn¡póXv ]pgp¡sf Ipsdb[nIw \in¸n¡pw.
  3. t¢m Àss]dnt^mkv 0.04% emb\n a®nð Hgn¨psImSp¡Ww. CXv hÀj¯nð cïp XhW sN¿Ww. Hóv BZy agtbmsS G{]nðþsa¿nepw, cïmat¯Xv sk]väw_dnepw.

Ipdn¸v : Ignbpó{X Øe§fnð hnf¡psIWnIÄ sh¨v hïpIsf tiJcn¨v \in¸n¡mw.

tImdnUv_¤v (a¨n§ Xpc¸³)

e£W§Ä: B{IaWhnt[bamb a¨n§bpsS ]pdwsR«n\Snbnð ]it]mepÅ {ZmhIw HgpInI«]nSn¨ncn¡póXv ImWmw. B{IaWhnt[bamb a¨n§ s]mgnªp t]m hpItbm t]Smbn t]mhpItbm sN¿pw.

\nb{´Ww

]pXpXmbn hncnª ]q¦peIfnð s]¬]q¡fnð 0.1% hocyapÅ ImÀ_mdnð Xfn¨p sImSp¡p-I. ]cmKW¯n\p ]mIamb s]¬]q ¡fnepw sNm«hncnª DSs\bpw acpóp Xfn¡m³ ]mSnñ. AXpt]mseXsó Xmgs¯ HmeIfpw aqs¸¯mdmb IpeIfpw Hgnhm¡Ww. sX§nsâ aïbnepw aäp apgph³ `mK§fnepw IoS\min\n Xfn¡mw.

Ipdn¸v: B{IaW¯nsâ tXmXv A\pkcn¨v Bhiym[njvTnXambncn¡Ww IoS\min\n {]tbmKw.

aÞcn

mandari

ASp¯ Ime¯v sX§vIrjn¡v Gähpw `ojWnbmbn¯oÀón«pÅ Hcp IoSamWnXv. tX§bpsS sXm¸n¡pÅnð ImWs¸SpóXpw, kq£vaZÀin\nbneqsS am{Xw ImWm³ IgnbpóXpamb hfsc sNdnb Cu aണ്ഡcnIÄ a¨n§bnð \nóv \ocpän¡pSn¡póXpaqew hnfhnð KWyamb Ipdhv DïmIpóp.

e£W§Ä: cïpaqóp amkw {]mbamb a¨n§bpsS sXm¸n¡pXmsg Cfw aª\nd¯nð {XntImWmIrXnbnepÅ ]mSpIÄ ImWmw. ]nóoSv Cu ]mSpIÄ Xhn«p\ndamIpw. ISp¯ IoSm{IaWapïmbmð a¨n§ s]mgnªp t]mIpw. a¨n§ hepXmIpwtXmdpw Xhn«p\nd¯nepÅ ]mSpIÄ Idp¸mhpIbpw NIncnbnð s\SpsI hnÅepIfpw aäpw {]Xy£s¸SpIbpw sN¿pw. hfÀ¨ HtcXc¯nemhnñ FóXpsImïv tX§IÄ hnIrXamhpIbpw sIm{] IpdbpIbpw sN¿pw. aണ്ഡcn_m[aqeapÅ \jvSw ]eXc¯nemWv. NIncnbpsS KpWw Ipdbpóp, hnIrXamb tX§ s]mXn¡póXn\v IqSpXð A²zm\w thïnhcpIbpw sN¿póp.

\nb{´Ww

  1. aണ്ഡcn _m[n¨ sX§nð \nópÅ a¨n§Isfñmw tiJcn¨v \in¸n¡pI.
  2. cïp iXam\w hocyapÅ ths¸®þshfp¯pÅn an{inXtam, hymhkmbnImSnØm\¯nð Dð¸mZn¸n¡pó AkmUndIvSn³ 0.004% ( Neemazal T/S 1% 4 an.en/enäÀ) Asñ¦nð ssat{ImssWkvUv KÔIw(kÄ^À) 0.4% an.bnepw Cfw IpeIfnepw Xfn¡pI. Nhn«p]¼v D]tbmKn¡pt¼mÄ HóvþHóc enäÀ emb\n Hcp sX§n\v thïnhcpw. Ipän]¼mWv D]tbmKn¡pósX¦nð 500-750 an.en. emb\n aXnbmIpw. apIfnð \nóv cïmas¯ Ipe apXð Xmsg Ggmas¯ Ipehsc acpóp Xfn¡Ww. ]cmKWw \S¡m¯ ]q¦peIÄ Hgnhm¡Ww. aqópw, \mepw, Aôpw IpeIfnse a¨n§IfpsS sXm¸n`mK¯v acpóv hogm³ {]tXyIw {i²n¡Ww. ImcWw Cu IpeIfnemWv acnbpsS tImf\nIÄ Gähpw IqSpXð Dmbncn¡pI. hÀj¯nð aqópXhW acpóp Xfn¡Ww. amÀ¨vþG{]nð, BKÌvþsk]väw_À, Unkw_ÀþP\phcn Fóo amk§fnð acpóp Xfn¨mð Fñm {]mb¯nepÅ IpeIfnepw acpóp Xfn F¯pw. Htc acpóp Xsó Xfn¡pt¼mÄ AXns\Xnsc aണ്ഡcn {]Xntcm[w BÀÖn¡p-saóXpsImïv acpópIÄ amän amän Xfn¡póXv \ómbncn¡pw. ths¸®þshfp¯pÅn an{inXw (2%) þ X¿mdm¡pó hn[w cïpiXam\w hocyapÅ 10 enäÀ ths¸®þshfp¯pÅn an{inXw X¿mdm¡póXn\v 200 an.enäÀ ths¸®bpw, 200 {Kmw shfp¯pÅnbpw, 50 {Kmw km[mcW tkm¸pw thïnhcpw. tkm¸v sNdnb IjW§fm¡n 500 an.enäÀ sNdp NqSpshůnð ebn¸n¡pI. shfp¯pÅn Ac¨v 300 an.en. shůnðIe¡n Acns¨Sp¡pI. X¿mdm¡n h¨ tkm¸v emb\n 200 an.en. ths¸®bnte¡v Hgn¡pI. \ñ an{inXw In«póXn\mbn \ñh®w Cf¡ns¡mSp¡pI. Cu an{inX¯nte¡v shfp¯pÅn Ac¨pIe¡nb emb\n tNÀ¡pI. C§s\ In«pó Hcp enäÀ emb\nbnð 9 enäÀ shÅw tNÀ¯mð 2% hocyapapÅ 10 enäÀ ths¸®vþshfp¯pÅn an{inXambn. sX§nsâ aണ്ഡcn \nb{´W¯n\v, A´ÀtZiobXe¯nepÅ ÌnbdnwKv I½nänbpsS ip]mÀibpsS ASnØm\¯nð, kwtbmPnX \nb{´W amÀ¤§fmWv A\phÀ¯nt¡Xv. CX\pkcn¨v kkykwc£W \S]SnIÄ¡p ]pdsa Xmsg ]dbpó Imcy§Ä IqSn sNt¿Xmbn«pïv.
  3. t]mjI e`yX sa¨s¸Sp¯póXn\mbn Hcp sX§n\v 50 In.{Kmw ssPhhfhpw, 5 In.{Kmw th¸n³ ]n®m¡pw Fó tXmXnð Hcp hÀjw tNÀ¡Ww. CtXmsSm¸w, ip]mÀi sNbvXn«pÅ hf§Ä cïp XhWbmbn sImSp¡pIbpw thWw.
  4. A\ptbmPyamb CShnfItfm, an{ihnfItfm Irjn sN¿pI.
  5. Bhiyamb PetkN\w \S¯pI.

aoeoaq«

e£W§Ä : hnScm¯ Iqt¼meIsfbpw ]q¦peIsfbpamWv aoeoaq« B{Ian¡mdv. Hme, hfÀ¨bnñmsX hnIrXamIpw. ]q¦peIfpw hncnbmsX hnIrXambncn¡pw. AYhm hncnªmð Xsó tX§ ]nSn¡pIbnñ. Cfw {]mb¯nepÅ tX§bpsS sXm¸nbnemWv aoeoaq« Iq«w IqSpóXv. B{IaW hnt[bamb tX§ Ipebnð Xsó \nð¡póXv IoS§Ä s]cpIpóXn\pw hym]n¡póXn\pw ImcWamIpw.

\nb{´Ww

DW§nb ]q¦peIfpw, a¨n§Ifpw \o¡w sNbvXv \in¸n¡Ww. AhinjvS hocyanñm¯v t^mkv^mänIv IoS\min\nItfsX¦nepw, ssUaot¯mtbäv 0.1%, Izn\mðt^mkv 0.05%,s^³Xtbm¬ 0.1% Chbnsemóv aoeoaq«bpsS B{IaWw ImWpt¼mįsó Xfn¨p sImSp¡Ww.

FenIÄ

Cfw tX§Ifnð Zzmcapïm¡n FenIÄ henb \miw sN¿póp. Fen Ip¯nbnSpó tX§, sX§nsâ Nph«nð ImWmw.

\nb{´Ww

  1. s{_mamUtbmtem¬ 0.05% AS§nb hmIvkvI«IÄ 3þ4 Znhkw CShn«v sX§nsâ aïbnðhbv¡pI.

tcmK§Ä

Iq¼pNobð

budrot

Fñm {]mb¯nepÅ sX§pItfbpw Cu tcmKw _m[n¡psa¦nepw {]mbw Ipdª sX§pIfnemWv, {]tXyIn¨pw ag¡me¯mWv Cu tcmKw km[mcW ImWpóXv. ssXIfpsS Iqt¼me aª \ndamhpIbpw, ]Xps¡ hen¨mðXsó Ducnt¸mcpIbpw sN¿pw. hfÀ¨ F¯nb sX§pIfnð Iqt¼mebpsS \ndw aªbmhpIbpw IS`mK¯v h¨v HSnªpXq§pIbpw sN¿pw. HmeIfpsS IS`mKhpw aïbnse arZptImi§fpw AgpIn ZpÀ¤Ôw han¡pw. AgpIð XSnbnte¡v hym]n¡pótXmsS aäv HmeIfpw HSnªp Xq§pw. Cu AhØbnepw Ahtijn¡pó tX§ aq¯v In«pw. {]mcw`Zibnð¯só Cu tcmKw Iïp]nSn¨nsñ¦nð sX§v \in¨p t]mIpw.

\nb{´Ww

  1. tcmKw Bcw`n¡pt¼mÄ Xsó aïbnse AgpInb `mK§Ä sN¯n amän t_mÀtUm Ipg¼v tX¨v ]pXnb Iq¼v hcpóXphsc agsImÅmsX kwc£n¡Ww.
  2. tcmKw _m[n¨v sX§nð \nóv \o¡w sNbvX `mK§Ä I¯n¨v IfbWw.
  3. tcmKw _m[n¨ sX§nepw ASp¯pÅ sX§pIfnepw 1% hocyapÅ t_mÀtUm an{inXw Xfn¡Ww.
  4. sIm¼³ sNñns¡Xnsc \nb{´WamÀ¤§Ä kzoIcn¡Ww.
  5. tXm«¯nð shÅw sI«n\nð¡mXncn¡m³ {i²n¡Ww.
  6. tcmKkm²yXbpÅ {]tZi§fnð icnbmb \Soð AIew ]men¡Ww.

almfn

e£W§Ä : s]¬]q¡fpw a¨n§bpw s]mgnbpóXmWv Cu tcmK¯nsâ {][m\ e£Ww. a¨n§bpsS sR«p`mK§fnepw, Cfw a¨n§Ifnepw ]mSpIfpmhpIbpw {ItaW DÄ`mKw AgpIn ]qÀ®ambpw \in¨p t]mIpIbpw sN¿póp.

\nb{´Ww

Hcp iXam\w hocyapÅ t_mÀtUman{inXtam, 0.2% hocyapÅ tIm¸À HmIvknt¢m ssdtUm ag¡me¯n\v ap¼pw, XpSÀóv 40 Znhkw CShn«v Htóm ctïm {]m hiyambpw Xfn¨p sImSp¡pI.

thcpNobð (ImäphogvN)

rotwilt

HmebñnIÄ¡v _e£bapണ്ടmIpóp. {]mbwsNó HmeIÄ aªfn¡pIbpw {Zhn¡pIbpw sN¿póp. thcpIÄ AgpIn \in¡póp. Nnet¸mÄ a¨n§Ifpw aqs¸¯m¯ tX§Ifpw sImgnbpóXpw ImWmw. Hme¡mepw HmebñnIfpsS A{K`mKhpw AIt¯¡v hfbpóXn\mð HmeIÄ¡v I¸pt]mse AIt¯¡v hfª BIrXnbpïmIpóp.

]cn]me\w : \ómbn ]cn]men¨mð Cu tcmKw_m[n¨ sX§pIfnð\nópw Gsd\mÄ sa¨s¸« hnfhp e`n¡pw. thcpNobð_m[ kwibn¡s¸Spó sX§pIfpsS hf{]tbmKw, kkykwc£Ww, aäp]cn]me\ apdIÄ Fónh bYmkabw A\phÀ¯nt¡ïXv AXymhiyamWv. tcmK\nb{´W¯n\v iq]mÀi sNbvXn«pÅ ]cn]me\ apdIfmWv Xmsg sImSp¯ncn¡póXv:

hÀj¯nð 10 tX§bnð Ipdhp Dð¸mZ\apÅXpw, kmcamb tcmK_m[bpÅXpamb sX§pIfpw tcmK_m[nXamb ssXs¯§pIfpw sh«namän \in¸n¨Xn\v tijw N{µk¦ct]mse tcmK{]Xntcm[tijnbpw AXypð¸mZ\tijnbpapÅ C\§fpsS ssXIÄ \SWw.

  1. icmicn ]cn]me\¯nð sXs§món\v Hcp hÀjw 0.34 In.{Kmw ss\{SP\pw, 0.17 In.{Kmw `mhlhpw, 0.68 In.{Kmw s]m«mjpw (bqdnb, tdm¡v t^mkvt^äv, ayqdntbäv Hm^v s]m«mjv FónhbpsS cq]¯nð) \ðIWw. \ñ ]cn]me\apÅ sX§pIÄ¡v Ch bYm{Iaw 0.5, 0.32, 1.2 In. {Kmw hoXw \ðtIïXmWv. HmWm«pIcbnse aWð a®nð sXs§món\v Hcp hÀjw 500 {Kmw aáojyw (MgO) \ðIWw. aäp {]tZi§fnð 100 {Kmw aáojyw aXnbmIpw. Gähpw sNehpIpdhv amásskäv D]tbmKn¡pt¼mgmWv. Fómð CXv A¾Xzw IqSpXepÅ a®nð am{Xta D]tbmKn¡mhq.
  2. tað¸dª cmkhf§Ä¡p ]pdsa 50 In.{Kmw Imenhftam, ]¨nehftam Hmtcm hÀjhpw sX§n\v BhiyamWv. IqSmsX Hcp In.{Kmw Ip½mbhpw tNÀ¡Ww.
  3. ]¨ne hfs¨SnIfmb NW¼v, Ubnô, am¼bÀ, \ne¸bÀ Fónh sX§nsâ XS¯nð hfÀ¯n, ]q¡pótXmsS XS¯nð DgpXp tNÀ¡póXv ImäphogvNbpsS Bgw Ipdbv¡póXn\pw, hnfhv Iq«póXn\pw D]Icn¡pw. aWð {]tZi§fnð am¼bdpw, F¡ð a®nð sUbnôbpw \ómbn hfcpw.
  4. agsb B{ibn¨v Irjn sN¿pó Øe§fnð cmkhf¯nsâ aqónsemcp `mKw ImehÀjt¯msSbpw, cïnð aqóp `mKw XpemhÀj¯n\p ap¼pw tNÀ¡pI. PetkNnX Irjnbnð aqóp Xpey KUp¡fm¡n (G{]nðþsabv, BKÌvþsk]väw _À, Unkw_ÀþP\phcn) hfw \ðImw.
  5. sX§nsâ Nph«nð \nópw 2 aoäÀ hymkmÀ²¯nepw 10 sk.ao. Bg¯nepw XSsaSp¯pthWw hfw tNÀ¡m³.
  6. _ïpIfnð Irjn sN¿pt¼mÄ th\ð¡me¯v I\mense a®p amäpIbpw, _ïpIÄ iàns¸Sp¯pIbpw thWw.

HmeNobð

e£W§Ä : Iqt¼mebnð Xhn«p \nd¯nð shÅw \\ªXp t]msebpÅ ]mSpIÄ ImWpóp. {ItaW Ch hepXmbn Hón¨v tNÀóv Hme Nobpóp. Hme hncnbpt¼mÄ Noª `mK§Ä DW§n Imänð ]dóp t]mhpIbpw CuÀ¡nen am{Xw Ahtijn¡pIbpw sN¿pw. tcmK¯nsâ Xo{hX IqSnbmbmð Hme hncnbpIt]mepanñ. tImfntäm{Sn¡w ¥ntbmkvt]mdntbmbnUvkv, FIvsktdmsslew tdmkv{Säw, ^yqtkdnbw P\pÊv Fóo IpanfpIfmWv tcmKtlXp¡Ä.

  

\nb{´Ww

  1. AgpInb `mK§fpw, Iq¼nt\mSSp¯pÅ Hópþcïv HmeIfpw sN¯n¡fbpI.
  2. amt¦msk_v (3 {Kmw 300 an.en. shůnð IeÀ¯nbXv) Asñ¦nð slIvkmtImWtkmÄ 5 C.kn.(2 an.en. 300 an.en. shůnð IeÀ¯nbXv) Fóo IpanÄ\min\nIfnsemóv Iq¼v hr¯nbm¡nbXn\p tijw Iq¼nð Hgn¡pI.
  3. ImÀ_mdnð 20 {Kmw 200 {Kmw aWepambn IeÀ¯n Gähpw apIfnse cïv Hme¡hnfpIfnð C«p sImSp¡Ww.
  4. aïbnepw HmeIfnepw Hcp iXam\w hocyapÅ t_mÀtUman{inXtam, 0.2% hocyapÅ tIm¸À HmIvkn HmIvknt¢mssdtUm, 0.3% amt¦mskt_m P\phcn G{]nðþsabv, sk]väw_À amk§fnð Xfn¨v sImSp¡Ww. acpóv Iqt¼meIfnð hogm³ {]tXyIn¨v {i²n¡Ww.

sNóoscmen¸v

e£W§Ä : sX§n³ XSnbpsS IS`mKt¯mSSp¯v hnÅepIfpïmhpIbpw Ahbnð \nópw Nph¸p IeÀó Xhn«p \nd¯nepÅ {ZmhIw Hen¡pIbpw sN¿póXmWv tcmKe£W§Ä. XSnbpsS apIÄ `mK¯mbn sNóoscmen¸pÅXnsâ e£W§fpw ImWmw. ASp¯Sp¯pÅ ]mSpIÄ Hón¨vtNÀóv henb ]mSpIÄ DïmIpIbpw Hen¨nd§pó {ZmhIw I«n]nSn¨p Idp¸p\ndamIpIbpw sN¿pw. \oscmen¡pó `mKs¯ tImi§Ä {Zhn¡póXpsImïv Ahbv¡v aª \ndamIpw. tcmKw apIfntebv¡v ]Scpt¼mÄ HmebpsS hen¸hpw XpSÀóv aïbpsS hen¸hpw Ipdbpóp. ]pXnb HmeIÄ DïmIpóXpw Ipdbpóp. XpSÀóv a¨n§ s]mgn¨nð IqSpIbpw CXv Dð¸mZ\s¯ _m[n¡pIbpw sN¿pw. Xe`mKt¯bv¡v sNñpt´mdpw XSnbpsS h®w Ipdªp Ipdªp hcpw. Pqsse apXð \hw_À hscbpbpÅ amk§fnemWv tcmKw IqSpóXv. tcmKImcn Xnemhntbm]vknkv ]mcmtUmIvk Fó IpanfmWv. ISp¯ th\en\ptijw hcpó I\¯agbpw, shÅs¡«pw, t]mjIaqeI§fpsS Ipdhpw, A[nIcn¨ ]pfnckhpw (A¾Xzw) tcmKw hcpóXn\v A\pIqeamb kmlNcy§fmWv.

\nb{´Ww

  1. tcmKw _m[n¨ `mKw apgph³ Npcn¡fªv apdnhnð 5% hocyapÅ ss{SsUtamÀ^v ]pc«pI. cïp Znhk¯n\ptijw tImÄSmÀ ]qiWw.
  2. NpcïnsbSp¯ `mKw I¯n¨pIfbWw. Npcïpt¼mÄ XSn¡v tISp kw`hn¡mXncn¡m³ {]tXyIw {i²n¡Ww.
  3. aäp hf§Ä¡p ]pdta sXs§món\v 5 In.{Kmw th¸n³ ]n®m¡v IqSn \ðIpI.
  4. hÀj¯nð aqóp {]mhiyw, G{]nðþsabv, sk]väw_ÀþHIvtSm_À, P\phcnþs^{_phcn amk§fnð 5% hocyapÅ ss{SsUtamÀ^v thcnð¡qSn \ðIWw.
  5. ss{SsUtamÀ^v 25 an.en. 25 enäÀ shůnð tNÀ¯v \mepamk¯nsemcn¡ð XS¯nse a®v IpXnc¯¡ hn[¯nð Hgn¨p sImSp¡pI.

HmeIcn¨nð

leafrot

s]Ìtemjy ]mðtadw (Pestalotia palmarum) Fó C\w IpanfmWv Cu tcmK¯n\p ImcWw.

e£Ww : Gähpw ]pdtabpÅ Hme\ncIfnemWv tcmKe£W§Ä ImWpI. Nmc\nd¯nepÅ AcnIpItfmSpIqSnb aª¸pÅn¡p¯pIÄ Hmebnð {]Xy£s¸Spw. Cu ]pÅn¡p¯pIÄ Hón¨vtNÀóv Hme PoÀ®n¨v {Zhn¡póp. tcmKw aqÀഛn¡pt¼mÄ HmebpsS AcnIpIÄ DW§n I¯nt¸mbXpt]mse tXmón¡pw.

\nb{´Ww

tcmK¯nsâ B{IaWw IqSpXepÅ HmeIÄ sh«n I¯n¨pIfbpI. Hcp iXam\w hocyapÅ t_mÀtUman{inXtam, 0.025% hocyapÅ s{]m¸ntImWtkmtfm Xfn¡pI.

XômhqÀ hm«w

e£W§Ä : Cu ASp¯ Ime¯v, {]tXyIn¨pw ]me¡mSv, ae¸pdw, XriqÀ, sImñw, Xncph\´]pcw, hb\mSv Fóo PnñIfnð {]Xy£s¸« Hcp tcmKamWnXv. a²y{]m b¯nepÅ sX§pIfnemWv amcIamb tcmK_m[ IïphcpóXv. XSnbpsS IS`mKw AgpIpóXmWv {][m\ e£Ww. sXmen s]m«pó hn[¯nemhpIbpw IjW§fmbn ASÀóv t]mhpIbpw hnÅepIÄ Ahtijn¡pIbpw sN¿pw. AIs¯ tImi§fpsS \ndw amdpóp. ZpÀ¤Ôw han¡pIbpw sN¿póp. IS`mK¯v sNdnb tXmXnð {ZmhIw Hen¡póXmbn ImWmw. Cu `mKs¯ tImi§Ä hfsc arZphmbncn¡pw. thcn\p ]äpó tISpsImïv AgpIð kw`hn¡pIbpw XpSÀóv sX§p\in¡pIbpw sN¿pw.

\nb{´Ww

  1. sXs§món\v 50 In.{Kmw ssPhhfw \ðIpI.
  2. Hcp hÀjw sXs§món\v 5 In.{Kmw hoXw th¸n³ ]n®m¡v tNÀ¡Ww.
  3. cmkhf¯nsâ tXmXv ip]mÀisNbvXn«pÅXnð \nópw \mensemómbn Ipdbv¡Ww.
  4. cïp an.en. ss{SsUtamÀ^v 100 an.enäÀ shůnð IeÀ¯n aqóp amk¯nsemcn¡ð thcneqsS \ðIpI.
  5. shÅw NmepIfneqsS XS§fnse¯n¡pó coXn Hgnhm¡nbmð a®nðIqSn AWp¡Ä ]IcpóXv XSbmw.
  6. tcmKw _m[n¨ sX§ns\ aäp ac§fnð \nópw thÀXncn¨p \nÀ¯póXn\mbn AXnsâ Npäpw ISbv¡ð \nópw Hóc aoäÀ AIe¯nð Ac aoäÀ hoXnbpw, Hcp aoäÀ BghpapÅ InS§pm¡pI.
  7. ]bdphÀ¤ hnfIÄ sX§n³tXm¸n\pÅntem AXnt\mSv tNÀópÅ Øe§fntem hfÀ¯cpXv.

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