23 December 2024
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മലയാളം
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Agriculture > Vegetables
> Amaranthus (Amaranthus spp.)
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Intercultural Operations
Manuring
Apply 50 tonnes of FYM per ha as basal dose before planting. After preparing trenches,
apply N:P2O5:K2O @ 50:50:50 kg/ha. Another
50 kg of N can be applied at regular intervals as topdressing. Spraying 1 % urea
immediately after each harvest will increase the yield.
Irrigation
Although amaranth is relatively drought tolerant, insufficient water will reduce
yield. Water should be applied especially just after sowing or transplanting
to ensure a good stand. It is better to furrow irrigate amaranth fields every 10
days during the cool dry season, and weekly during the hot dry season. As a rule,
the plants should be irrigated if wilting occurs at noon time. During the rainy
season, drainage is essential for plant survival and growth. Raised beds, clean
furrows and large drainage channels facilitate quick drainage of excess water after
heavy rain.
Irrigate thoroughly to maintain vigorous plant growth. But avoid over irrigation,
which may enhance disease development and nutrient leaching. Drip irrigation
or microsprinkler irrigation is recommended in areas with limited water supply.
If sprinkler irrigation used, avoid irrigating in the late evening to prevent
diseases.
Weed control
Weeds compete for light, water, and nutrients, thereby resulting in reduced yield.
Amaranth is small seeded and slow to germinate, therefore, weed control is essential
early in the season. Weeds may be controlled using a combination of methods. Thorough
land preparation is the first key to effective weed control. A seedbed free
of weed seeds allows amaranth seedlings to get a head start on the weeds and establish
a canopy that can shade out emerging weed seedlings. Mulching is recommended to
reduce weed competition, soil compaction and erosion; mulching also conserves
soil moisture. Mulching is easier to practice if the amaranth crop is transplanted,
but can also be used for row seeded crops after the seedlings reach a height of
10-15 cm. Hand or hoe weeding can be performed as needed.
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