Yellow vein mosaic (Bhindi Yellow Vein Virus)

Symptoms

• The disease begins as leaves exhibiting only yellow coloured veins but in the later stages, the entire leaf turns completely yellow.
• In extreme cases, the infected leaf becomes totally light yellow or cream coloured and there is no trace of green colour
• Plants infected in the early stages remain stunted.
• The fruits of the infected plants exhibit pale yellow colour, deformed, small, tough in texture and unfit for consumption.

Management

• Use disease free seed from the disease free area or healthy plant.
• Rogue out the infected plants.
• Place yellow sticking traps in field to control the insect vector.
• Use of resistant varieties like Arka Anamika, Arka Abhay and Susthira.
• Destruction of host weeds like Croton sparsiflora and Ageratum sp. are also effective.
• Avoid mixed cropping of pumpkin
• Plant tall border crops like maize, sorghum or pearl millet to reduce whitefly infestations (4 rows).
• Conserve predators such as coccinellids, lacewings, spiders, predatory bugs (Dicyphus hesperus), wasps etc.
• Conserve parasitoids such as Encarsia sp, Eretmocerus spp. (nymphal and pupal), Chrysocharis pentheus (nymphal) etc.
• Release Chrysoperla carnea @ 8,000 larvae/acre
• Spray NSKE 5% or azadirachtin 0.03% (300 ppm) neem oil based WSP @ 1000-2000 ml in 200-400 l of water/acre or azadirachtin 5% W/W neem extract concentrate @ 80 ml in 160 l of water/acre

Chemical Control

Extremely Toxic

Highly Toxic

Moderately Toxic

Slightly Toxic