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Marketing
Marketing prawns alive will usually generate a better price but, it also increases
handling costs. Marketing them successfully in this way depends on the ability to
keep them alive during transport and display, and to present undamaged, healthy
prawns in an attractive way.
Marketing your freshwater
prawns fresh or frozen
Prawns can be sold fresh (chilled) if they are going to be consumed within 5 (preferably
3) days. Prawns, which are not expected to be sold within 3 days, should immediately
be frozen. Freezing should take place when they are fresh, not after they have been
on ice for several days. Frozen tails have a longer shelf life than whole prawns.
Whole frozen freshwater prawns will turn ‘mushy' if they are frozen and held
above -20°C, or if they are thawed and refrozen. It is recommended that prawns
to be stored for long periods be held at -30 to -35°C. Tails which are frozen
in ice blocks may be stored for over a year and still be very satisfactory, although
a maximum of six months is recommended. Glazing or vacuum packing significantly
prolongs the useful life of frozen prawns. While vacuum packing requires elaborate
processing facilities, not available to small farms, glazing is quite simple: a
very thin mixture of syrup and water prevents oxidation.
Economics
The detailed economic analysis of larviculture and farming of freshwater prawn Macrobrachium
rosenbergii in India is given in below.
Economics of seed production of M. rosenbergii
of 10 million capacity
|
Sl. No.
|
Item
|
Rs (in lakhs)
|
|
I.
|
Expenditure
|
|
|
A.
|
Fixed Capital
|
|
|
1.
|
Hatchery site (2000 m 2 @ Rs. 75/ m2)
|
1.50
|
|
2.
|
Hatchery building (20 x 15 m)
|
9.00
|
|
3.
|
Construction of office (80 m 2 for seed packing/ laboratory/store)
|
2.40
|
|
4.
|
Brood stock pond (0.10 ha)
|
0.60
|
|
5.
|
Larval rearing tanks (RCC, 20 nos of 2.5 MT)
|
1.00
|
|
6.
|
PL rearing tanks (RCC, 12 nos of 12 MT)
|
2.90
|
|
7.
|
Water storage tanks
|
|
|
|
Seawater tank (10 x 2.5 x 2 m)
|
1.50
|
|
|
Freshwater tank (8 x 2.5 x 2 m)
|
1.20
|
|
|
Mixed water tank (8 x 2.5 x 2 m, 3 nos)
|
3.60
|
|
8.
|
Artemia hatching unit (200 l, 4 nos)
|
0.10
|
|
9.
|
Air blowers (2 nos, 5 hp)
|
1.00
|
|
10.
|
Generator (15 KVA) with accessories
|
1.50
|
|
11.
|
Water pumps (3 nos for freshwater, seawater and mixed water)
|
0.35
|
|
12.
|
Water supply /aeration connection
|
0.50
|
|
13.
|
Electrification
|
0.50
|
|
14.
|
Bore-well
|
0.75
|
|
15.
|
Miscellaneous expenditure
|
0.60
|
|
|
Sub-total
|
29.00
|
|
B.
|
Variable cost (for 5 cycle)*
|
|
|
1.
|
Cost of broodstock development
|
1.00
|
|
2.
|
Cost of transportation of seawater
|
0.50
|
|
3.
|
Larval feed ( Artemia cysts 200 kg @ Rs. 4000/kg and formulated diets)
|
9.00
|
|
4.
|
Chemical/medicines
|
0.50
|
|
5.
|
Electricity
|
2.00
|
|
6.
|
Wages (1 Manager @ 5000/month and 12 labourers @ 2000/month for 1 year)
|
3.48
|
|
7.
|
Miscellaneous expenditure
|
1.00
|
|
|
Sub-total
|
17.48
|
|
C.
|
Total Costs
|
|
|
1.
|
Variable cost for 5 cycles
|
17.48
|
|
2.
|
Depreciation cost on fixed capital at 15% level
|
4.35
|
|
3.
|
Interest on fixed capital @15% per annum
|
4.35
|
|
|
Grand-total
|
26.18
|
|
II.
|
Gross Income
|
|
|
|
Sale of PL 8 million seed at 80% of hatchery capacity (@ of Rs. 500/1000 nos)
|
40.00
|
|
III.
|
Net Income (Gross income- Total cost)
|
13.82
|
* The capital requirement for variable cost may be only 25-30% of the above shown
amount, as the income from sale of post-larvae after one cycle may be ploughed back
for the subsequent cycles.
(Source: National Bank for Agriculture and Rural Development)
Economics of grow-out production of prawn
|
Sl. No.
|
Item
|
Amount (in Rupees)
|
|
I.
|
Expenditure
|
|
|
A.
|
Variable Cost
|
|
|
1.
|
Pond lease value
|
10,000
|
|
2.
|
Prawn seed @ 60,000/ha @ Rs. 600 /1000 Nos.including transportation cost
|
36,000
|
|
3.
|
Fertilizers and lime
|
6,000
|
|
4.
|
Supplementary feed (pellet form @ 3 t/crop @ Rs. 20/kg)
|
60,000
|
|
5.
|
Wages (One @ Rs. 2000/month for 9 months)
|
18,000
|
|
6.
|
Electricity and fuel
|
3,000
|
|
7.
|
Harvesting charges
|
5,000
|
|
8.
|
Miscellaneous expenditure
|
3,000
|
|
|
Sub-total
|
1,41,000
|
|
|
|
|
|
B.
|
Total Cost
|
|
|
1.
|
Variable cost
|
1,41,000
|
|
2.
|
Interest on variable cost (@ 15% per annum for 6 months)
|
10,725
|
|
|
Grand total
|
1,51,725
|
|
|
|
|
|
II.
|
Gross Income
|
|
|
|
Sale of big size prawn (@ Rs. 175/kg for 1000 kg)
|
1,75,000
|
|
|
Sale of small size prawn (@ Rs. 70/- kg for 500 kg)
|
35,000
|
|
|
Grand total
|
2,10,000
|
|
|
|
|
|
III.
|
Net Income (Gross income – Total cost)
|
58,275
|
(Source: Central Institute of Freshwater Aquaculture)
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