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Disease management
Pearl spot is prone to many diseases mainly caused by wide fluctuations in environmental
parameters. The most common disease causing agents are bacteria including Pseudomonas,
Alcaligenes, Flavobacteria, Moraxella, Vibrio and gram-positive Micrococci,
Athrobacter and Bacillus spp.
Bacterial diseases of E. suratensis
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Disease
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Aetiological agent
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Gross clinical signs
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Drugs
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Administration
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Vibriosis
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Vibrio
anguillarum
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Erythema of the skin and fins,
petachiae in the mouth, swimming at water surface, body darkening, abdominal distension,
corneal opacity, anorexia, pale gills, enlarged or liquified spleen and kidney &
myocardial lesions.
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Terramycin/
Chloromycin
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Along with feed, at rate of 75 mg/kg body weight for 7-21 days.
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Skin spottiness
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Vibrio fischeri
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Shallow to deep sores with fluid and/or blood and weak movements.
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Terramycin
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Along with feed, at rate of 75 mg/kg body weight for 7-21 days.
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Gill rot
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Klebsiella
pneumoniae
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Isolated movements, anorexia, restlessness, floating at surface, orientation against
current, gill tissue decay.
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Nifurpirinol
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1-10mg of drug in a litre of water as one hour bath for 7-21 days
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Tail rot
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Proteus vulgaris
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Loss of natural colour, fraying of tail/fin tissue, swimming near water surface.
Ecchymosis may be noticed.
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Acrrflavin
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Bath in 1-5 mg of drug in litre of water for 7-21 days (Nifurpirinol may be used).
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Fin rot
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Pseudomonas
stutzeri
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Loss of natural colour, fraying of tail/fin tissue, swimming near water surface.
Ecchymosis may be noticed.
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Acroflavin
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Bath in 1-5 mg of drug in litre of water for 7-21 days (Nifurpirinol may be used).
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Hemorrhagic
septicemia
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Pseudomonas
aeruginosa
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Body reddening, skin lesions, swollen belly, septicemia, protruding scales and sunken
eyes, inflamed anus, spleen and swim bladder and anemia.
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Gentamycin
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Along with feed, 75mg/kg body weight for 7 to 21 days or Intraperitoneal injection
of 20-40 mg/kg body weight.
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Enteritis
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Escherichia coli
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Enteritis, sluggish movements, skin lesions, discolouration, swimming near surface,
kidney infected
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Sulphadiazine
Sulphizoxazole
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Along with feed, 75mg/ kg body weight for 7 to 21 days
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Mycobacteriosis
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Mycobacterium
sp.
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Progressive body weakening, damaged fins, swelling of abdomen, anorexia, discolouration,
deformities in skeletal system, sluggish movement, opacity in cornea, listlessness,
presence of tubercles.
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Kanamycin
Gentamycin
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Along with feed, 75mg/ kg body weight for 7 to 21 days
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