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25 December 2024
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മലയാളം
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Animal Husbandry > Pig
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Housing of Pigs
- The house should give adequate protection against direct sunlight and rain. Hogs
are sensitive to heat and cold.
- The floor and wall should be strong to withstand the rooting habits of pigs. Concrete
flooring is durable and easy to clean. The walls may be of bricks, finished smoothly
and doors of strong wooden planks or iron.
- Feed troughs and water troughs may be placed along the front to facilitate feeding
from outside.
- Pigs thrive well in temperature range of 20-25oC. Provide shade, wallowing
tank, cooling devices such as sprinkling of water, washing etc. to maintain thermal
comfort.
- Design should be such that all animals are observable easily from outside and the
labour requirement is less.
- Boars, pregnant and dry sows, gilts and growing pigs are usually kept in open yards
with partially sheltered area. Farrowing sows are housed in completely enclosed
houses or pens.
- Simple low cost houses constructed with locally available materials as per above
guidelines are preferred in rural areas. Multipurpose pens, which can be used, for
all categories of pigs can also be designed meeting the floor space requirement.
- Individual or group housing in cages made up of vertical G.I. pipes/M S rods and
also farrowing crates can be adopted in large high-tech farms.
- Uncastrated males and females should not be housed together beyond the age of four
months.
Housing of Boars
Boar pen should have covered area of 6.25-7.5 m2 and open area of 8.8-12
m2 for exercise. The walls should have a minimum height of 1.5 m.
Housing of Female
Open yard type with partial roofing as in the case of boar may be provided. A total
of 10-15 females can be grouped in a pen. An area of 2 m2 per animal
may be provided.
Housing of Farrowing
sows
Farrowing sows may be housed individually in a farrowing pen of 2.5 x 4.0 = 10.0
m2 having guard rails, creep area, feed and water troughs
Space requirement of pigs
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Type of animal
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Floor space requirement
(m2 per animal)
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Maximum number of animals per pen
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Covered area
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Open paddock
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Boar
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6.0-7.0
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8.8-12.0
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Individual pens
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Farrowing pen
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7.0-9.0
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8.8-12.0
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Individual pens
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Fattener
(3-5 months old)
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0.9-1.2
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0.9-1.2
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30
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Fattener
(above five months)
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1.3-1.8
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1.3.1.8
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30
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Dry sow/gilt
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1.8-2.7
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1.4-1.8
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3-10
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(Source: National Bank for Agriculture and Rural Development)
Housing of growing
and finishing pigs
A covered concrete yard for feeding and resting having feed and water trough arranged
in the front side and an open yard in the rear will suffice for fatteners. The total
space requirement may be 2 m2 per grower/fattener pig.
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